Colonization Notes

Sorry this isn't in outline form, but tabs don't exist on web pages

I. Virginia
 A. Peace at last
  1. No more war with Spain or Scotland in 1603
   a. $ and men can go to Americas
 B. Too expensive to colonize - stock companies combined
  1. Virginia Company - Southern Virginia
  2. Plymouth Company - Northern Virginia
  * Ironic - “Virginia” = Entire North American Continent
  3. Goals
   a. Charter said Christianity
   b. Reality = gold
 C. Jamestown
  1. December 20, 1606 104 colonists on Susan Constant, Goodspeed, Discovery
  2. Arrived in Chesapeake Bay in May 1607 and founded Jamestown (after King James of course)
  3. Difficulties
   a. Built houses in malaria swamp (not too bright, mosquitoes bite)
   b. Arrived to late for crops
   c. Colonists were “gentlement” not used to work
   d. Few months 51 died, some joined Indians, rest entered “starving time”
    1. Some resorted to cannibalism (icky)
  4. Needed crop to prosper (hmmm...how about a leafy substance)
   a. Tobacco
    1. Exported a ton back to England
    2. People wanted to emigrate to Virginia now
  5. Colony spread
   a. Immigrants wanting $ from tobacco
   b. Indentured servants contract was up and were given land as tenant farmers
  6. Democracy’s Debut
   a. July 30, 1619 Elected “burgesses” met with Governor = House of Burgesses
  7. Indians raided in 1622 and Virginia Company looked bad
   a. England took Virginia over as a Royal Colony

II. Maryland
 A. Catholic safe land
  1. Lord Baltimore ordered out of Virginia - Roman Catholic
  2. Maryland became refuge for Roman Catholics, but mostly Protestant

III. West Indies
 A. Linked to England and American colonies
  1. Slave labor made plantions profitable for absentee landowners
  2. Made tropical products for use back in Europe
  3. Imported salt meat, salt fish, breadstuffs and ground vegetables from English colonies
 
IV. The Puritan Colonies
 A. Plymouth - Massachusetts
  1. Pilgrims were Separatist Puritans who wanted to break from Church of England
  2. Moved first to Leiden, Holland in 1609, but wanted to create own society modeled after New
   Testament
  3. Arrived in Cape Cod on November 11, 1620 on Mayflower
  4. Landed North of Virginia charter
  5. Signed Mayflower Compact - agreed to majority rule (ding, ding, ding...DEMOCRACY!)
  6. Pilgrims couldn’t survive on own
   a. Squanto (spoke English) taught them how to catch fish and plant corn
   b. Used deserted Indian land
  7. October 1621 Pilgrims invited Chief Massasoit over for a feast
   a. He brought 90 “family members” with him for first Thanksgiving (became November
    holiday under FDRoosevelt)
  8. 1630 - 1000 Puritans arrived and set up Boston
   a. Insisted on sobriety, morals, economy equal for all
   b. Massachusetts Bay Colony gave land grants to ousted priests who then set up towns
   c. Literarcy important to read Bible - Harvard College 1636
 B. Rhode Island
  1. Anne Hutchinson and Rev. Roger Williams kicked out of Mass.
   a. Believed in anarchy and “odd” ways of interpreting Bible
   b. Rhode Island became haven for persecuted

V. New Netherland
 A. 1609 Henry Hudson goes exploring - found Hudson River and Hudson Bay (ahhh...clever name)
 B. 1624 Peter Minuit became leader of Settlement on Manhattan Island
  1. Set up sales agreement of Manhattan for two boxes of hatchets, beads, pots, and cloth = $24
 C. 1630 New Amsterdam became sailor man’s town
  1. Taverns, smugglers, traders
 D. Set up villages of Haerlem, Breucelen (hmmm...names sound familiar)
 E. 1664 Small English fleet ordered Dutch surrender
  1. Governor Stuyvesant stomped wooden leg and said “No!!”
  2. Few hours later Dutch surrendered

VI. English Neglect
 A. From 1640-1660 ignored by English because of internal issues in England
 B. New England Confederacy 1643 - English defend against Dutch, French and Indians

VII. New France
 A. Along St. Lawrence River
  1. Convert natives to Catholicism
  2. Beaver skins